TYRES
Your cars tyres are vital in bringing it to a safe and controlled stop. But even a tyre with the legal minimum tread depth of 1.6mm takes much longer to stop than a brand new one. And when road surfaces become more treacherous – for example, following rain or snow– the condition of your tyres is of even greater importance. Fortunately, we offer a range of tyres at competitive prices.
Your tyres are the only point of contact between your car and the road, making regular maintenance checks and correct replacements a key consideration. Not only do tyres affect the acceleration, steering and stopping distance of your car, they are also key factors in improving fuel economy and reducing CO2 emissions.
To help maintain your tyres, our Trained Technicians can check the tread depth, pressure, appearance and condition of your tyres free of charge. If your tyres need attention, you’ll be provided with advice on what is required.
To book a tyre check or receive a quote for a replacement tyre, simply contact Ricci Concept on 01482 322446
Reading the tyre sidewall
On the tyre sidewall there is information similar to the example below. We will try to explain the meaning of the individual numbers (highlighted in red) so you can identify the correct tyre for your vehicle.
Width
205/55 R16 91W
This number is the width of the tyre in millimeters. This is the most important number to describe a tyre’s contact patch.
For example, a 215-width, 17-inch tyre may look great, but all things being equal, a 245-width, 15-inch tyre will out-corner it every time, because the contact patch is wider.
Aspect ratio
205/55 R16 91W
This is the height of the sidewall from the rim to the tread, expressed as a percentage of the tread width.
For example, if the tyre is 205 mm wide, and its aspect ratio is 50, then the sidewall is about 102.5 mm tall (50 percent of 205 mm).
Sidewall height is important for a number of reasons:
- As you move up to larger wheels, or down to smaller ones, a corresponding change needs to happen in the sidewall height of the tyre in order for the rolling diameter of the wheel and tyre combination to be as close to stock as possible. This will ensure the accuracy of your speedometer and prevent unwanted alignment changes.
- The sidewall height affects the turn-in feel (the responsiveness you feel at the steering wheel) and the ride quality.
- Lower aspect ratio (shorter sidewall) provides better turn-in response than a higher aspect ratio, but at the expense of less break-away warning and a more jarring ride — in extreme cases, even exposing the wheels to potential bending and breaking damage from potholes and other surface irregularities.
Wheel size
205/55 R16 91W
This indicated the size of the wheel and is measured in inches e.g. ‘16 inch ‘
Speed Rating
The tyre speed rating (i.e. W) is the maximum speed for which the tyre is rated. For example, the W rating identifies speeds up to 168 mph.
Speed ratings are based on scientific tests where the tyre is run at speeds in 6.2 mph steps in 10 minute increments until the required speed has been met.
You will find your speed rating on the side of your tyre at the end of a series of numbers – as follows:
205/55/R16W
The following table shows what the maximum speed that each index specification is able to achieve
Speed Rating | Mile/Hour | Kilometers/Hour | Speed Rating | Miles/Hour | Kilometers/Hour | |
N | 87 | 140 | U | 124 | 200 | |
P | 93 | 150 | H | 130 | 210 | |
Q | 99 | 160 | V | 149 | 240 | |
R | 106 | 170 | Z | 150+ | 240+ | |
S | 112 | 180 | W | 168 | 270 | |
T | 118 | 190 | Y | 186 | 300 |
Tyre Load Rating
The load capacity of a tyre determines what weight each tyre is able to carry.
It is vital that you check with your manufacturer what capacity should be put on your car. In some cases your insurance can become void if you select the incorrect tyres.
The load rating is generally found after the diameter reading and before the speed rating on the sidewall marking, like so:
205/55 R16 91 W
The following table shows what the weight that each index specification is able to carry:
Load Index | Load in kg | Load Index | Load in kg | Load Index | Load in kg | ||
62 | 265 | 84 | 500 | 106 | 950 | ||
63 | 272 | 85 | 515 | 107 | 975 | ||
64 | 280 | 86 | 530 | 108 | 1000 | ||
65 | 290 | 87 | 545 | 109 | 1030 | ||
66 | 300 | 88 | 560 | 110 | 1060 | ||
67 | 307 | 89 | 580 | 111 | 1090 | ||
68 | 315 | 90 | 600 | 112 | 1120 | ||
69 | 325 | 91 | 615 | 113 | 1150 | ||
70 | 335 | 92 | 630 | 114 | 1180 | ||
71 | 345 | 93 | 650 | 115 | 1215 | ||
72 | 355 | 94 | 670 | 116 | 1250 | ||
73 | 365 | 95 | 690 | 117 | 1285 | ||
74 | 375 | 96 | 710 | 118 | 1320 | ||
75 | 387 | 97 | 730 | 119 | 1360 | ||
76 | 400 | 98 | 750 | 120 | 1400 | ||
77 | 412 | 99 | 775 | 121 | 1450 | ||
78 | 425 | 100 | 800 | 122 | 1500 | ||
79 | 437 | 101 | 825 | 123 | 1550 | ||
80 | 450 | 102 | 850 | 124 | 1600 | ||
81 | 462 | 103 | 875 | 125 | 1650 | ||
82 | 475 | 104 | 900 | 126 | 1700 | ||
83 | 487 | 105 | 925 |
TYRE LABELING EXPLAINED
Set to follow in the same style as the current energy efficiency labels, you will notice the familiar A -G grading system. ‘A’ being best and ‘G’ the poorest.
As of November 2012, every tyre in the EU will come with a label just like this, making the comparison between different makes and models easier than ever.
Below you will find the new EU Tyre Label explained.
Rolling resistance/ Fuel Efficiency
The energy lost when a tyre is moving is described as ‘rolling resistance’ and has a direct impact on fuel consumption and the environment. The tyres on a car can affect its fuel economy by up to 20%. The lower the rolling resistance, the tyre less energy is lost – reducing fuel consumption and CO2 emissions.
In the EU Tyre Regulation label, rolling resistance is expressed in grades, ranging from A to G. A is the highest performance tyre in its category; G is currently the least performing. D is not going to be used as a grade, helping to draw a clear line between the top and bottom three grades – the good and the bad.
Putting the scores into perspective, if fitting the worst scoring tyres in this category, you could end up using 6 litres more fuel than if you fitted ‘A’ rated tyres – so, potentially, ‘A’ rated tyres could save you enough in fuel bills to buy a new set of tyres!
Wet grip
The wet grip label provides you with information on an important safety aspect of a tyre: its grip on wet roads. Tyres with excellent grip in the wet have shorter braking distances on wet roads, an important safety benefit when driving in rainy weather. The ratings are measured via two types of test when a car is travelling at 50mph.
In the EU Tyre Regulation label, a tyre’s wet grip capacity is also expressed in grades from A to G, with A the highest wet grip performance. Like the fuel efficiency score, D is not going to be used as a grade. On top of this, there are no plans at the moment from the EU to use G either.
The difference in braking distances between each grade is roughly 3m – the average length of 1 car. Making the difference between A and G 18m, 4 car lengths! This distance could be the difference between being involved in a road accident or not.
Noise rating
A tyre’s noise level grading is expressed in decibels, accompanied by one, two or three sound waves. One black wave indicates the best noise level performance. It means that the noise level of the tyre is at least 3dB below the future legal limit.
Three black waves indicate the weakest performance in terms of tyre noise output. It represents a noise output level between the current maximum and the new lower limit.
WINTER TYRES
Winter tyres, or cold weather tyres as they are also known, will be the key to keeping Britain moving over the coming …months. This is thanks to their specialist compound and tread design which provides drivers with superior grip and control in wet and dry conditions once the temperature dips below 10°C.
The cold weather conditions from two years ago look set to return with Forecasters predicting moderate to heavy snowfalls as early as October and November in parts of the UK.
Winter tyres: what they are and why you should be using them during the winter months
There is a huge lack of awareness in the UK about winter tyres. Either motorists are not aware they exist or they think that the tyre can only be used during times of heavy snow or ice.
In fact, drivers will benefit from using winter tyres on slush, ice, frost and even wet roads. In fact any time the temperature dips below +10 degrees centigrade, you’re better off on winter tyres.
Why ?
Unlike summer tyres (everyday standard tyres in the UK), winter tyres do not harden at lower temperatures. That means they give you a much better grip on the road and the ability to stop in a shorter distance, increasing your safety on the road.
What’s the difference between a winter and a summer tyre?
The rubber compound of a winter tyre is very different to a summer tyre. It is designed specifically to work in temperatures below +10 degrees centigrade and has an improved tread pattern.
What happens to a summer tyre when the temperature drops is that the tyre compound loses its flexibility, making it less grippy in low temperatures.
Winter tyres are made from a specially developed compound with more natural rubber so they don’t harden when it’s cold, which means increased grip on the road and greater safety.
On ice and snow winter tyres provide grip that no summer tyre can match. A vehicle fitted with winter tyres will come to standstill on a snow-covered road (from a speed of just 30mph) after 35 metres – with normal tyres the braking distance required is a further 8 metres (43 metres). That is another two car lengths.
In Europe it is a legal requirement to fit winter tyres when required.
For Advice on winter tyres or to Book your vehicle in with us please contact Ricci Concept on 01482 322446